Documentation Index
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Solar 101
Solar energy is the most abundant power source on Earth. Modern solar panels capture sunlight and convert it into usable electricity for your home — reliably, quietly, and with no moving parts.How It Works
Sunlight hits the solar cells
Each panel contains layers of silicon-based photovoltaic cells. Photons from sunlight knock electrons loose, creating an electrical current.
DC electricity is generated
The current flows as direct current (DC) out of the panels and into your inverter.
Inverter converts DC to AC
Your home runs on alternating current (AC). The inverter makes the conversion — cleanly and continuously.
System Components
Solar Panels Each panel is ~4ft × 6ft and weighs ~30 lbs. Grouped into an array on your roof. Typical residential system: 10–20 panels depending on energy use and roof size. Inverters Convert DC from the panels into AC. Three types:| Type | Best For | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
| String inverter | Cost-effective, simple | Output limited by weakest panel |
| Microinverters | Best per-panel performance | Higher upfront cost |
| Power optimizers | Hybrid — panel-level conditioning + central inverter | Mid-range cost and performance |
Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| kW | Kilowatt — capacity (how much power the system can produce at once) |
| kWh | Kilowatt-hour — energy over time (what shows on your utility bill) |
| Net metering | Selling surplus solar power back to the grid for bill credits |
| Degradation rate | How much a panel’s output decreases per year (~0.5% is typical) |
| DC/AC ratio | Oversizing panels relative to inverter capacity for better annual yield |
| PV | Photovoltaic — the technology that converts light to electricity |
Common Questions
Do panels work on cloudy days?
Do panels work on cloudy days?
Yes — at reduced output (typically 10–25% of full capacity). No output at night; you draw from the grid then.
What about winter and snow in Canada?
What about winter and snow in Canada?
Panels still produce in cold weather — cold temperatures can actually improve efficiency slightly. Snow typically slides off the smooth glass once the panel warms up. Most Canadian systems are sized to account for winter production variability.
How long do systems last?
How long do systems last?
25–30 years with minimal maintenance. Most panels carry a 25-year performance warranty guaranteeing at least 80–85% of rated output.
What does it cost?
What does it cost?
Residential systems in Canada typically run 30,000 before incentives, depending on system size and province. Federal and provincial programs can reduce this significantly. Get a quote for a number specific to your home.